language

Erava

Erava (often identified with or closely related to Ravula) belongs to the Dravidian language family, specifically classified within the Southern Dravidian subgroup.

Speakers

The total number of Erava speakers remains highly uncertain due to varying classifications under the "Yerava" or "Ravula" labels. However, scholarly estimates and tribal surveys place the ethnic speaker population at approximately 25,000 to 30,000, as indexed in reports like the Census of India 2011.

Distribution in India

Erava is primarily spoken in the Southern region of India. Its principal concentration is in the Kodagu (Coorg) district of Karnataka, with some speakers also residing in the neighboring districts of Kerala.

Major grammatical features

  • Phonology: Erava features a typical South Dravidian phonological system, including a distinction between short and long vowels, and a consonant inventory that features retroflex stops (/ʈ/, /ɖ/), nasals (/ɳ/), and laterals (/ɭ/).
  • Morphology: It is a highly agglutinative language. Nouns inflect for case (including nominative, accusative, dative, genitive, and locative) and number. Verbs inflect for tense (distinguishing past and non-past), mood, and aspect, typically agreeing with the subject in person, number, and gender.
  • Syntax: The basic word order is Subject-Object-Verb (SOV). It is a head-final language employing postpositions rather than prepositions, and relative clauses precede the nouns they modify.

Further reading

For more information, see the Wikipedia Search for Erava Language.

Family
Dravidian

Direct relationships

Is part of 1

Project BoLIproject

Is documented by 1

BoLI Erava Narrationdataset

Has record 20

A20250903103008275037_T-16172.MT-70d314fe8656496b82824aef82660609.MTA-f7ca64cc064e41209e169cfc64f48a12.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-bddb79d1be14eee7.wavaudioA20250903103003843793_T-16172.MT-952378837287430b91dd638deb3969a8.MTA-d97b9c363d2549589b83771e605fef21.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-a253784922956996.wavaudioTranscription of A20250903103002078075_T-16172.MT-c3edda02e1c249c6b6e3c18002254e3f.MTA-873c08bc778f40db86f94b1722e03539.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-9ceda31a09099df7.wavtranscriptionA20250903102957000841_T-16172.MT-57a0792f5bbe47409b2c987efdb00ab6.MTA-131433a0c44f488699e9e4cf7a3c01cf.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-9746e20fa55fc0cf.wavaudioTranscription of A20250903102954858453_T-16172.MT-e437606fd04446f09dadc063ea231755.MTA-377db80623a5438ba2e93f5b66b33b03.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-ab2c2b0edffe7655.wavtranscriptionA20250903102946478475_T-16172.MT-c62bf41a64af4466b4ce71fdf6b0d227.MTA-9af43973ced343338de98e3398f14ffd.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-937b9e7106ab14cf.wavaudioA20250903103010565901_T-16172.MT-6bfa00bf16d54b9c9d9fd541c17a0e49.MTA-272c939ec21a4a1cbfe3429286a2b995.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-9c2056ebe89a2ad9.wavaudioA20250903102951657963_T-16172.MT-49522af62c79488894d7c7926edef716.MTA-941c1da1f36143478efe347d17e8fdba.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-ab6d8d65bb46bd86.wavaudioA20250903103005657798_T-16172.MT-45b723ca316a4010af33d8d07c06081e.MTA-f8dd0ab0f0374de6b273ee561fbb2d36.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-a2a5b60d9b7e63c5.wavaudioTranscription of A20250903102946478475_T-16172.MT-c62bf41a64af4466b4ce71fdf6b0d227.MTA-9af43973ced343338de98e3398f14ffd.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-937b9e7106ab14cf.wavtranscriptionA20250903102954858453_T-16172.MT-e437606fd04446f09dadc063ea231755.MTA-377db80623a5438ba2e93f5b66b33b03.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-ab2c2b0edffe7655.wavaudioTranscription of A20250903103005657798_T-16172.MT-45b723ca316a4010af33d8d07c06081e.MTA-f8dd0ab0f0374de6b273ee561fbb2d36.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-a2a5b60d9b7e63c5.wavtranscriptionTranscription of A20250903102959318338_T-16172.MT-8cb2b59d99014fbdbfec9de734b151b4.MTA-9360f918c57d4572a00342d7acb402d1.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-81eec0ff84200dbd.wavtranscriptionTranscription of A20250903102957000841_T-16172.MT-57a0792f5bbe47409b2c987efdb00ab6.MTA-131433a0c44f488699e9e4cf7a3c01cf.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-9746e20fa55fc0cf.wavtranscriptionTranscription of A20250903102951657963_T-16172.MT-49522af62c79488894d7c7926edef716.MTA-941c1da1f36143478efe347d17e8fdba.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-ab6d8d65bb46bd86.wavtranscriptionTranscription of A20250903103010565901_T-16172.MT-6bfa00bf16d54b9c9d9fd541c17a0e49.MTA-272c939ec21a4a1cbfe3429286a2b995.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-9c2056ebe89a2ad9.wavtranscriptionA20250903103002078075_T-16172.MT-c3edda02e1c249c6b6e3c18002254e3f.MTA-873c08bc778f40db86f94b1722e03539.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-9ceda31a09099df7.wavaudioTranscription of A20250903103003843793_T-16172.MT-952378837287430b91dd638deb3969a8.MTA-d97b9c363d2549589b83771e605fef21.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-a253784922956996.wavtranscriptionTranscription of A20250903103008275037_T-16172.MT-70d314fe8656496b82824aef82660609.MTA-f7ca64cc064e41209e169cfc64f48a12.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-bddb79d1be14eee7.wavtranscriptionA20250903102959318338_T-16172.MT-8cb2b59d99014fbdbfec9de734b151b4.MTA-9360f918c57d4572a00342d7acb402d1.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-81eec0ff84200dbd.wavaudio

Uses prompt 10

How do the prospective couple interact before the marriage in your community? · क्या आपके समाज में विवाह से पहले पति-पत्नी मिल सकते है? · ನಿಮ್ಮ ಸಮುದಾಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಮದುವೆಗೆ ಮುನ್ನ ಭಾವಿ ದಂಪತಿquestionnaire_itemGenerally at what time and at what place do the ceremonies related to birth of a child take place? · समान्यतः बच्चे के जन्म व नामकरण संस्कार से सम्बन्धित रस्म-रिवाज कब और किस जगह हquestionnaire_itemAny other important details that you want to share about the birth and ceremonies · जन्म व नामकरण संस्कार के बारे में और कोई महत्वपूर्ण बातें जो आप बताना चाहते हो ? · ಜನನ ಮತ್ತು ಸಮquestionnaire_itemWhat are the different ceremonies related to the birth of a child in your community? · आपके समाज में बच्चे के जन्म और नामकरण संस्कार से सम्बन्धित विभिन्न रस्म-रिवाज क्या हैं? · ನಿಮquestionnaire_itemHow are people seated during the birth (any specific direction, etc)? · जन्म व नामकरण संस्कार के दौरान लोग कैसे बैठते है (कोई विशिष्ट दिशा इत्यादि)? · ಹೆರಿಗೆಯ ಸಮಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಜನರು ಹೇಗೆ ಕುquestionnaire_itemWhat are the different ceremonies related to marriage in your community? · आपके समाज में विवाह से सम्बन्धित कौन-कौन सी विभिन्न रस्म-रिवाज है? · ನಿಮ್ಮ ಸಮುದಾಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಮದುವೆಗೆ ಸಂಬಂಧಿಸಿದ questionnaire_itemHow are the day and time of birth ceremonies decided? · जन्म व नामकरण संस्कार का दिन और समय कैसे निर्धारित होता है ? · ಜನ್ಮ ಸಮಾರಂಭಗಳ ದಿನ ಮತ್ತು ಸಮಯವನ್ನು ಹೇಗೆ ನಿರ್ಧರಿಸಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ?questionnaire_itemGenerally at what time and at what place do the marriage ceremony take place? · समान्यतः, विवाह से सम्बन्धित रस्म-रिवाज कब और किस जगह होती है? · ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯವಾಗಿ ಮದುವೆ ಸಮಾರಂಭವು ಯಾವ ಸಮಯದquestionnaire_itemHow many ceremonies related to birth take place? What are their names and what are their purpose? · बच्चे के जन्म और नामकरण संस्कार से सम्बन्धित कितनी रस्में होती है ? उनके नाम और questionnaire_itemWho gives the name to the child and how is it given? · बच्चे का नाम कौन रखता है और यह कैसे रखा जाता है ? · ಮಗುವಿಗೆ ಯಾರು ಹೆಸರಿಡುತ್ತಾರೆ ಮತ್ತು ಅದನ್ನು ಹೇಗೆ ಇಡುತ್ತಾರೆ?questionnaire_item

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CollectionProject BoLIRelated through BoLI Erava NarrationPersonVidya Y. URelated through BoLI Erava NarrationPersonNaveena P ARelated through BoLI Erava NarrationPersonVidya Y. URelated through BoLI Erava NarrationPersonBoLIRelated through BoLI Erava NarrationPersonSpeaker SPK-22644AA9Related through A20250903103010565901_T-16172.MT-6bfa00bf16d54b9c9d9fd541c17a0e49.MTA-272c939ec21a4a1cbfe3429286a2b995.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-9c2056ebe89a2ad9.wavPersonContributor RA-09FA4842Related through Transcription of A20250903102946478475_T-16172.MT-c62bf41a64af4466b4ce71fdf6b0d227.MTA-9af43973ced343338de98e3398f14ffd.A-562950054325317.W-121926.K-OutputRecording.R-937b9e7106ab14cf.wavLanguageJenu KurumbaRelated through How are the day and time of birth ceremonies decided? · जन्म व नामकरण संस्कार का दिन और समय कैसे निर्धारित होता है ? · ಜನ್ಮ ಸಮಾರಂಭಗಳ ದಿನ ಮತ್ತು ಸಮಯವನ್ನು ಹೇಗೆ ನಿರ್ಧರಿಸಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ?